1986 Serbian parliamentary election

none August 2023 August 2023 1986 Serbian parliamentary election Socialist Republic of Serbia 1986 1982 1989 16 March, 7 April and 21 April 1986 All 340 seats in the Assembly of SR Serbia 171 yes no League of Communists of Serbia Ivan Stambolić 323 323 Independents – 17 17 Prime Minister Branislav Ikonić League of Communists of Serbia Desimir Jevtić League of Communists of Serbia Parliamentary elections were held in Serbia on 16 March, 7 April and 21 April 1986 to elect delegates of the Assembly of SR Serbia. In addition to the parliamentary election, local elections in Serbia and federal elections in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia were held in the same year. The election was conducted under an electoral system that was established in the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution. Serbia in 1986 was also a one-party state that was governed by the League of Communists of Serbia (SKS). The composition of the Assembly did not change in this election; SKS retained its 323 seats and 17 delegates who were not affiliated with SKS also retained their seats in the Assembly. The aftermath of this election marked a turning point in Serbia's history due to the rise of Slobodan Milošević. Ivan Stambolić, who has been the president of the Presidency of the Central Committee since 1984, was succeeded by Milošević, who was his protégé, after the election in May 1986. Milošević would go on to create a faction inside SKS that would be loyal to him and would eventually remove Stambolić and his allies from key positions at the 1987 session of the Central Committee of SKS. In 1988, Milošević started the anti-bureaucratic revolution and began amending the Yugoslav Constitution to revoke the powers of the autonomous status of Vojvodina and Kosovo provinces. Background thumb|upright=0.7|alt=A photograph of Ivan Stambolić inside the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Serbia|Ivan Stambolić was the head of the League of Communists of Serbia until May 1986 After the World War II, the Communist Party consolidated power in Yugoslavia.Lampe John R. https://books.google.com/books?id=KBpXAAAAYAAJ Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country Cambridge University Press 2000 9780521774017 233 John R. Lampe 4 January 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230111141813/https://books.google.com/books?id=KBpXAAAAYAAJ 11 January 2023 live Each constituent republic had its own branch of the party, with Serbia having the Communist Party of Serbia, which was renamed to League of Communists of Serbia (SKS) in 1952.Sullivan Kimberly L. https://books.google.com/books?id=8PVT4ApS5r4C Slobodan Milosevic's Yugoslavia Twenty-First Century Books 2009 9780822590989 135 4 January 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230111141815/https://books.google.com/books?id=8PVT4ApS5r4C 11 January 2023 liveWoodward Susan L. https://books.google.com/books?id=o2UoAKmG14EC Socialist Unemployment: The Political Economy of Yugoslavia, 1945-1990 Princeton University Press 1995 9780691086453 182 1 January 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230111141816/https://books.google.com/books?id=o2UoAKmG14EC 11 January 2023 live Branislav Ikonić was elected prime minister of Serbia in May 1982.June 2014 Srpski premijeri Serbian Prime Ministers https://revija.kolubara.info/sh/jun2014/tekst/2513/Srpski-premijeri.htm 10 August 2023 Izdavačko društvo Kolubara sr Ivan Stambolić, a liberal within SKS, was elected president of the Presidency of the Central Committee of SKS in April 1984.2002 O Ivanu Stamboliću About Ivan Stambolić http://www.b92.net/specijal/stambolic/ 10 August 2023 B92 srMihovilović Maroje 2 April 2003 Milošević's greatest betrayal: How Milošević killed his best friend Nacional https://arhiva.nacional.hr/en/clanak/18198/how-milosevic-killed-his-best-friend 10 August 2023 Stambolić was until then the president of the City Committee of the League of Communists of Belgrade. As his replacement, he promoted his protégé, Slobodan Milošević, to the position,Saxena Shalini Dictatorship, Fascism, and Totalitarianism Britannica Educational Publishing 2015 9781622753512 108 890726393 considering that he had long trust in him.Partos Gabriel 29 March 2003 Ivan Stambolić: Mentor of Milošević stabbed in the back by his protege https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ivan-stambolic-36385.html 10 August 2023 The Independent This decision was met with criticism from older members of SKS. As the president of the City Committee of the League of Communists of Belgrade, Milošević would go on to create a faction of officials that would be loyal him. Stambolić announced in January 1986 that he would step down as president of the Presidency of the Central Committee of SKS. 84 municipal committees of SKS nominated Milošević as his successor.Nikolić Kosta 2006 Kako je Slobodan Milošević izabran za vođu srpskih komunista (II) How did Slobodan Milošević get elected as the leader of Serbian Communists (II) Istorija 20. veka sr 2 0352-3160105 Electoral system With the adoption of the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution, Serbia's electoral system was changed altogether. Instead of electing members, citizens would elect delegations and workers would also elect their separate delegations. Members of these delegations would then elect delegates that would serve in the Assembly of SR Serbia. The voting system was complex; it combined elements of a direct, indirect, and the first-past-the-post voting majoritarian system.Vukmirović Dragan https://pod2.stat.gov.rs/objavljenepublikacije/g2008/pdf/g20082002.pdf Dva veka razvoja Srbije: statistički pregled Republic Bureau of Statistics 2008 978-86-84433-80-2 Belgrade sr Two centuries of Serbia's development: a statistical overview24 The Assembly was also divided into three councils. The Council of Associated Labour had 160 delegates while the Council of Municipalities and Socio-Political Council each had 90 delegates. The delegates would then elect members of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Serbia, the Council of the Republic, and a member of the Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY).Posle Drugog svetskog rata After the Second World War http://www.parlament.gov.rs/narodna-skupstina-/istorijat/posle-drugog-svetskog-rata.938.html 10 August 2023 National Assembly of Serbia srŠeregi Zoltan May 1985 Izbori 1986: Izbor delegata za Skupštinu SR Srbije i za Skupštinu SFRJ 1986 elections: Election of delegates for the Assembly of SR Serbia and Assembly of SFRY Pravo - teorija i praksa Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Faculty of Law 5 79–84 0352-3713 In 1986, Serbia also had 186 municipalities.December 1986 Statistički godišnjak SR Srbije 1986. Statistical Yearbook of SR Serbia in 1986 Statistički godišnjak SR Srbije sr Belgrade Republic Bureau of Statistics 0351-406423 Although Yugoslavia was a one-party state, by the time of the 1986 elections, regional governments and parties often acted independently.Djuirć Nešo 5 April 1986 New leaders, new hopes in Yugoslav elections United Press International https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/04/05/UPI-NewsFeatureNEWLNNew-leaders-new-hopes-in-Yugoslav-elections/1433513061200/ 10 August 2023 Alex Pravda, a writer on Eastern European politics and an emeritus fellow at the St Antony's College of the University of Oxford, characterised all elections in SFRY as "limited elections", however, political scientist Vladimir Goati noted that this characterisation could be only applied to pre-1974 Yugoslav Constitution elections.Goati Vladimir http://www.cesid.rs/images/IZBORI%20U%20SRJ%20OD%201990_%20DO%201998.pdf Izbori u SRJ od 1990. do 1998.: Volja građana ili izborna manipulacija? CeSID 2001 2 Belgrade sr Elections in FRY from 1990 to 1998: the will of the citizens or electoral manipulation? 499043191 10 August 202313Pravda Alex Elections Without Choice The Macmillan Press Ltd. 1978 978-1-349-03344-7 London 173 Elections in Communist Party States Goati characterised the 1974–1986 period as "voting without a choice" (glasanje bez izbora).14 Election date The election was conducted on three separate days, this being 16 March, 7 April and 21 April 1986.27 The election had to be held before 15 May 1986, the date when the Federal Chamber of SFRY was constituted.Šeregi Zoltan March 1985 Izbori '86: Pripereme za izbor delegata u 1986. godini Elections in '86: Preparations for the election of delegates in the year 1986 Pravo - teorija i praksa Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Faculty of Law 3 95 0352-3713 Political parties The table below lists political parties elected in the Assembly of SR Serbia after the 1982 parliamentary election.33 Name Leader 1982 result Seats League of Communists of Serbia Tihomir Vlaškalić 323 340 League of Communists of Serbia Independents – 17 340 Independent Conduct Preparations for the election began in February 1985.February 1985 Izbori '86 Elections in '86 Pravo - teorija i praksa Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Faculty of Law 2 68 0352-3713 The parliamentary election was conducted in the same year as the local elections in Serbia and federal elections in the SFRY.26 October 2014 Spisak izbora i referenduma List of elections and referendums http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=389 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20170202040503/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=389 2 February 2017 10 August 2023 Republic Bureau of Statistics srSpisak izbora i referenduma List of elections and referendums https://www.vreme.com/projekat/spisak-izbora-i-referenduma/ 10 August 2023 Vreme sr The federal election lasted from 10 March to 10 May 1986.Yugoslavia http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/YUGOSLAVIA_1986_E.PDF 10 August 2023 Inter-Parliamentary Union136 Bogdan Trifunović, the president of the Socialist Alliance of Working People of Serbia, said that "these are the elections for changes, and not for the continuation of a crisis". By the time of the election, there were 25,050 delegations in total.25 Results In the federal elections, there were 6,565,689 citizens of Serbia who had the right to vote.137 The composition of the Assembly did not change in this election; SKS retained its 323 seats while the 17 who were not affiliated with SKS retained their seats.https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G1986/Pdf/G19862001.pdf Statistički godišnjak SR Srbije, 1986 1986 Belgrade sr Statistical yearbook of Socialist Republic of Serbia, 198633 In the Council of Associated Labour, 148 SKS delegates were elected, in the Council of Municipalities, 88 SKS delegates were elected, and in the Socio-Political Council 87 SKS delegates were elected.33 A majority of the elected delegates were 50 years old or younger.33 File:Parliament of SR Serbia (1982–1989).svg League of Communists of Serbia 323 0 Independents 17 0 0 6565689 Republic Bureau of Statistics33 Aftermath Assembly The Assembly was constituted on 6 May 1986. Ikonić became the president of the Assembly while Miodrag Bogdanović, Olga Nikolić, Miloš Sinđić, Milan Šešlija, and Jan Širka were elected vice-presidents of the Assembly.Delegatska skupština (1974-1990) Delegate Assembly (1974–1990) http://www.parlament.gov.rs/narodna-skupstina-/skupstina-1804-2022/delegatska-skupstina-(1974-1990).2159.html 10 August 2023 National Assembly of Serbia sr Out of all 340 delegates, only 23.5 percent of them were women.Orlović Slaviša Partije i izbori u Srbiji: 20 godina Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Faculty of Political Sciences, Centre for Democracy Foundation 2011 978-86-84031-49-7 Belgrade 256 sr Parties and Elections in Serbia: 20 years The Assembly elected Desimir Jevtić as prime minister of Serbia.14 October 2017 Preminuo Desimir Jevtić Desimir Jevtić has died https://www.rts.rs/lat/vesti/drustvo/2904183/preminuo-desimir-jevtic.html 10 August 2023 Radio Television of Serbia sr Rise of Slobodan Milošević 8th Session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia Anti-bureaucratic revolution thumb|alt=Slobodan Milošević talking with Ivan Stambolić at the Central Committee of SKS session on 28 May 1986|Milošević and Stambolić in May 1986 An election for the president of the Presidency of the Central Committee of SKS was held shortly afterwards the election. Stambolić gave up the role to serve as president of Serbia. Like in 1984, Milošević was again proposed as his successor. Milošević would eventually get elected as the president of the Presidency of the Central Committee of SKS on 28 May 1986, winning 151 out of 157 votes of the Central Committee.120147 Dragiša Pavlović, a liberal and Stambolić's ally, was also elected as the president of the City Committee of the League of Communists of Belgrade.118 Although initially ideologically similar, Milošević adopted populist positions and grew to dislike Pavlović and Stambolić, particularly due to their stances on Kosovo.Diehl Jackson 20 November 1987 New Serbian leader accused of adding to ethnic tension Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/11/20/new-serbian-leader-accused-of-adding-to-ethnic-tension/1f1d7fd2-b52c-46aa-9f20-060dce83b9bc/ 10 August 2023 0190-8286Pavković Aleksandar The Fragmentation of Yugoslavia: Nationalism and War in the Balkans Macmillan 2002 9780312230845 2 104 248869486 Milošević would eventually call a session of the Central Committee of SKS in September 1987.Georgievski Jovana 25 August 2020 "Fatalni zaokret": Od najbližeg saradnika do poslednje žrtve režima Slobodana Miloševića "Fatal u-turn": From the closest collaborator to the last victim of Slobodan Milošević's regime https://www.bbc.com/serbian/lat/srbija-53889035 10 August 2023 BBC News sr At the session, several Stambolić's allies, including Pavlović, would get dismissed; this moment eventually ended Stambolić's political career.27 September 2007 20 godina Osme sednice 20 years of the Eight Session https://www.vreme.com/vreme/20-godina-osme-sednice/ 10 August 2023 Vreme sr With Milošević's order, Stambolić would be dismissed from the position of president of Serbia in December 1987 and was instead appointed president of the National Bank of Yugoslavia for international cooperation. Milošević would start the anti-bureaucratic revolution in 1988 which effectively toppled regional governments in Montenegro, Vojvodina, and Kosovo.Biondich Mark The Balkans: Revolution, War, and Political Violence since 1878 OUP Oxford 2011 9780191559518 200Sombatpoonsiri Janjira Humor and Nonviolent Struggle in Serbia Syracuse University Press 2015 9780815653400 195 Proposed constitutional changes The government of Serbia and Milošević proposed changes to amend the Yugoslav Constitution in 1988. Adopted by the Assembly in March 1989, the amendments revoked the powers that the autonomous provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo received in the 1974 constitution.Nelsson Richard 20 March 2019 How Milosevic stripped Kosovo's autonomy - archive, 1989 en-GB The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2019/mar/20/how-milosevic-stripped-kosovos-autonomy-archive-1989 10 August 2023 0261-3077 References Further reading Milovan Živković https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/sr/sr_latn/bib/512142265 Izbori 1986: Delegacije i članovi delegacija u samoupravnim organizacijama i zajednicama: Delegati Skupštine SR Srbije i skupština socijalističkih autonomnih pokrajina: Delegati skupštine grada, regiona i opština Republic Bureau of Statistics 1987 Belgrade sr 1986 elections: Delegations and members of delegations in self-governing organisations and communities: Delegates of the Assembly of the SR of Serbia and assemblies of socialist autonomous provinces: Delegates of city, regional, and municipal assemblies External links Serbia Politics Socialism Republic Bureau of Statistics Category:1980s elections in Serbia Category:1986 in Serbia Serbia Serbia Category:Parliamentary elections in Serbia Serbia Category:One-party elections