13-inch/35-caliber gun

13"/35 caliber Mark 1 and Mark 2 USS Indiana (BB-1) - NH 52653.jpg Forward 13-inch gun turret of USS Indiana (BB-1), 1898. United States Naval gun YES YES 1895 United States Navy Spanish–American War Philippine–American War Boxer Rebellion World War I Siberian Intervention Bureau of Ordnance US Naval Gun Factory $53,000Jamestown 1909 101 Mark 1: 12 (Nos. 1–12) Mark 2: 22 (Nos. 13–34) Mark 1 and Mark 2 136000 lb (without breech) 137900 lb (with breech) 455 in bore (35 calibers) 1130 lb armor-piercing 13 in mm 3 1 round per minute 2000 ft/s 12000 yd 0 at 15° elevation -5° to +15° −150° to +150° The 13"/35 caliber gun Mark 1 (spoken "thirteen-inch-thirty-five-caliber") was used for the primary batteries on eight of the first nine battleships in the United States Navy, Indiana battleship 0, Kearsarge battleship 0 and Illinois battleship 0; Iowa BB-4 used the 12 in 0 on/35 caliber gun.Navweaps 2016 The Navy's Policy Board called for a variety of large caliber weapons in 1890, with ranges all the way up to 16 in 0 on. A 16-inch caliber gun was beyond US manufacturing capabilities at this time though and the largest gun possible was the 13 in 0 on/35 caliber. The Navy intended to use this gun in short-range action against heavily armored targets and was fitted to the first true battleship in the US Navy, Indiana BB-1 2. This turned out to be the only 13-inch gun developed for the US Navy.Navweaps 2016 Design The 13-inch Mark 1, gun Nos. 1–12, was a built-up gun constructed in a length of 35 caliber, Mod 0 and Mod 1. The Mod 0 had a tube, jacket, and nine hoops while the Mod 1 had a nickel-steel liner and only eight hoops. The Mark 2, gun Nos. 13–34, was of similar construction as the Mark 1 Mod 0 but had only seven hoops and two locking ring. Two Mark 2 guns, Nos. 23 and 33, were converted into experimental guns. The first, No. 23, was converted in 1923, into a 16-inch/28.8 caliber Mark A Mod 0 experimental gun. The barrel was bored out to 16-inch and hooped to the muzzle. The gun was tested a total of seven times in July 1923, but then set aside until 1956. The gun was used for bomb tests between October and December 1956, and fired another 19 times. This gun is now on display at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Dahlgren, Virginia. The other Mark 2, No. 33, was also bored out, but only to 14 in 0 on, sometime prior to 1923, and again used as an experimental gun, this one is at Plate Battery. In 2005, it too was still located at the NSWC, Dahlgren.Navweaps 2016Friedman 2011 Incidents Gun No. 2, mounted on Indiana, suffered from erosion at the front slope of the chamber and was replaced with another gun. It was first reported in September 1897, after only 32 rounds had been fired. In May 1902, No. 2 was sent back to the US Naval Gun Factory to be relined. After having had 71 rounds fired through it, and finding that guns built at the same time and fired the same number of rounds showed no sign of erosion, it was determined that the erosion was due to a defect in the manufacture of the forging.O'Neil 1902 4–5O'Neil 1903 18 Gun No. 13, mounted on Kearsarge BB-5 2, was injured in January 1901, when a shell exploded prematurely in the barrel. It was repaired with a lining tube inserted into the barrel and used at the Naval Proving Grounds.O'Neil 1902 4,79 Gun No. 18, mounted on Kentucky BB-6 2, suffered an injury while on Asiatic station, probably from a shell exploding in the bore. It was replaced with another gun.Mason 1904 4 Gun No. 34 was completely disabled by an accident to its tube; it was reassembled with new forgings.O'Neil 1902 5 Naval service ShipGun InstalledGun MountIndiana BB-1Mark 1: 13"/35 caliberMark 2: 2 × twin turretsMassachusetts BB-2Mark 1: 13"/35 caliberMark 2: 2 × twin turretsOregon BB-3Mark 1: 13"/35 caliberMark 2: 2 × twin turretsKearsarge BB-5Mark 2: 13"/35 caliberMark 3: 2 × dual-caliber turretsKentucky BB-6Mark 2: 13"/35 caliberMark 3: 2 × dual-caliber turretsIllinois BB-7Mark 2: 13"/35 caliberMark 4: 2 × twin turretsAlabama BB-8Mark 2: 13"/35 caliberMark 4: 2 × twin turretsWisconsin BB-9Mark 2: 13"/35 caliberMark 4: 2 × twin turrets Notes 2 References Books O'Neil Charles Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance to the Secretary of the Navy https://books.google.com/books?id=vTksAAAAYAAJ Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 1 October 1902 12 October 2016 O'Neil Charles Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance to the Secretary of the Navy https://books.google.com/books?id=vTksAAAAYAAJ Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 1 October 1903 12 October 2016 Mason Newton E. Newton E. Mason Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance to the Secretary of the Navy https://books.google.com/books?id=vTksAAAAYAAJ Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 1 October 1904 12 October 2016 https://books.google.com/books?id=dTtUAAAAIAAJ Final Report of the Jamestown Ter-Centennial Commission Washington Government Printing Office 23 February 1909 12 October 2016 101 Jamestown 1909 Friedman Norman Norman Friedman https://books.google.com/books?id=yh3OAwAAQBAJ Naval Weapons of World War One Seaforth Publishing 12 December 2011 978-1-84832-100-7 Online sources http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_13-35_mk1.php United States of America 13"/35 (33 cm) Mark 1 and Mark 2 Navweaps 15 July 2016 12 October 2016 Navweaps 2016 External links Bluejackets Manual, 1917, 4th revision: US Navy 14-inch Mark 1 gun June 2017 Category:Naval guns of the United States Category:330 mm artillery