2014 ST373

Detached trans-Neptunian object February 2020 yes 2014 ST 373 #C2E0FF CTIO-DECam(first observed only) 25 September 2014 2014 ST 373 TNOdetacheddistant 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5) 53 792 d 158.86 AU 50.20 AU ≈ 14 July 2039JPL Horizons Observer Location: @sun (Perihelion occurs when deldot changes from negative to positive. Uncertainty in time of perihelion is 3-sigma.)±4 months 104.53 AU 0.52 1069 yr 353.71° 0.0009 ms / day 43.158° 130.218° 297.117° 370 km (est at 0.09) 5.4 2014 ST 373 is a trans-Neptunian object and a detached object from the outermost region of the Solar System. With a perihelion of 50.2 AU, it belongs to the top 10 minor planets with the highest known perihelia of the Solar System,JPL-Query-Largest-Perihelion and is neither a scattered disc nor an extreme trans-Neptunian object. It measures approximately 370 km mi off 2 us in diameter and was first observed on 25 September 2014, by astronomers using the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Orbit and classification vertical left 220 Extreme transneptunian object eccentricity vs perihelion.png Extreme trans-Neptunian objects eccentricity vs perihelion.svg 2014 ST 373 (not displayed) is located in the "gap", a poorly understood region. 2014 ST 373 (not displayed) is located in an virtually unpopulated region (q50 AU and e0.5. 2014 ST 373 orbits the Sun at a distance of 50.2–158.9 AU once every 1069 years; semi-major axis of 104.53 AU. Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.52 and an inclination of 43.16° with respect to the ecliptic. 2014 ST 373 is a distant minor planet and trans-Neptunian object (TNO) beyond the orbit of Neptune and the Kuiper cliff. 2020 2, it has the 8th highest perihelia of all known minor planets. Based on a still sufficiently determined perihelion a of 50.2 AU, it is not a member of the scattered disc population, as these objects are thought to have been ejected from the classical Kuiper belt into their current orbits by gravitational interactions with Neptune (semi-major axis of 30.1 AU), and typically have highly eccentric orbits and perihelia of less than 38 AU. 2014 ST 373's orbit, however, has never brought it close enough to Neptune to be gravitational disturbed. On the other hand, this TNO is not an extreme trans-Neptunian object as these objects generally have higher perihelia and/or higher eccentricities. Instead, it is located in a virtually unpopulated region at a perihelion of 50 AU and an eccentricity of 0.5 (see adjunct images, where the grid crosses at q50 AU and e0.5). The Kozai mechanism is capable of transferring orbital eccentricity to a higher inclination. It can be speculated that this dynamical phenomenon also affected the orbit of 2014 ST 373. If this was the case, and the object had once belonged to the extreme detached disc objects – which have eccentricities above 0.8 and semi-major axes of at least 250 AU, for a perihelion of 50 AU – the Kozai effect would have slowly decreased 2014 ST 373s aphelion from over 450 AU to currently 159 AU while increasing its inclination. 2014 ST 373 seems to belong to the same group as 2004 XR 190.February 2020 Physical characteristics Diameter and albedo Based on an absolute magnitude of 5.4, and an assumed astronomical albedo of 0.09, which is a standard default value adopted for trans-Neptunian objects by Johnston's Archive, 2014 ST 373 measures approximately 370 km mi off 2 us in diameter. The body's color, rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown. Notes JPL-Query-Largest-Perihelion Data Base Query, at the JPL Small-Body Database: all objects with a perihelion (q) larger than 38 AU; sorted in descending order. In February 2020, 2014 ST 373 ranks #8 among objects with the highest perihelion. Top objects in the list: (#1) 2012 VP 113, (#2) 90377 Sedna, (#3) 541132 Leleākūhonua, (#4) 2014 FZ 71, (#5) 2014 FC 72, (#6) 2004 XR 190 and (#7) 2015 FJ 345. References 30em 2016-11-25 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2014 ST373) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3989611 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 19 February 2020 2014 ST373 Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2014+ST373 19 February 2020 List Of Transneptunian Objects Minor Planet Center https://minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/TNOs.html 19 February 2020 Minor Planet Center 4 February 2020 MPEC 2020-C88 : 131 NEW DISTANT OBJECTS https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20C88.html Minor Planet Electronic Circular 19 February 2020 2014 ST373 19 February 2020 Asteroid Size Estimator CNEOS NASA/JPL https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/ast_size_est.html 19 February 2020 List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects Johnston's Archive 27 December 2019 Johnston Wm. Robert http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html 22 February 2020 R. L. Allen B. Gladman J. J. Kavelaars J.-M. Petit J. W. Parker P. Nicholson March 2006 Discovery of a Low-Eccentricity, High-Inclination Kuiper Belt Object at 58 AU The Astrophysical Journal 640 1 L83–L86 2006ApJ...640L..83A 10.1086/503098 astro-ph/0512430 15588453 (Discovery paper) Scott S. Sheppard Chadwick Trujillo David J. Tholen July 2016 Beyond the Kuiper Belt Edge: New High Perihelion Trans-Neptunian Objects with Moderate Semimajor Axes and Eccentricities The Astrophysical Journal Letters 825 1 7 2016ApJ...825L..13S 10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L13 1606.02294 118630570 free (Discovery paper) External links Trans-Neptunian objects found in the first four years of the Dark Energy Survey, 11 Feb 2020 2014 ST373: a detached object not in resonance with Neptune announced today, Groups.io, 4 Feb 2020 # # 20140925