1932 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1932 Tour de France Route of the 1932 Tour de France.png Route of the 1932 Tour de France followed counterclockwise, starting in Paris 360px 6–31 July 1932 21 4479 km 154h 11' 49" André Leducq FRA yellow France Kurt Stöpel GER Weimar Germany/Austria Francesco Camusso ITA 1861 Italy Italy 1931 1933 The 1932 Tour de France was the 26th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 6 to 31 July. It consisted of 21 stages over 4479 km 0 on. André Leducq, who also won six stages, won the race, thanks to the bonification system; had the bonification system not existed, the margin between Leducq and Kurt Stöpel would only have been three seconds.http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1932.php 1932: A bonus for Leducq Tom James 15 August 2003 30 September 2009 Innovations and changes In the 1931 Tour de France, there had been a time bonification system, which gave 3 minutes of bonification to the winner of the stage, if he finished more than three minutes ahead of the second cyclist in that stage.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1931.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120306131219/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1931.php 6 March 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme 25ème Tour de France 1931 fr In 1932, this bonification system changed: now the winner of the stage received 4 minutes, the second-placed cyclist 2 minutes and the third-placed cyclist 1 minute, plus an extra three minutes if the margin was more than three minutes.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/histoire.html The Tour - Year 1932 Amaury Sport Organisation 30 September 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090716154812/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/histoire.html 16 July 2009 dead dmy-all The bonification system was invented to give sprinters, who lost a lot of time in the mountains, a chance to battle for the general classification.https://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1932.htm "Le Joyeux DeDe" Returns to Form Barry Boyce Cycling revealed 2004 30 September 2009 The number of stages decreased from 24 to 21. The total distance also decreased, so the average length per stage remained about the same, 215 km (compared to 160–170 km in modern Tours).McGann McGann 2006 104–108 Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1932 Tour de France thumb|The French team of the 1932 Tour de France For the third year, the race was run in the national team format, with five different teams. Belgium, Italy, Switzerland and France each sent a team with eight cyclists, while Germany and Austria sent a combined team, with seven German cyclists and one Austrian cyclist. In addition, 40 cyclists joined as touriste-routiers.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1932 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 Charles Pélissier, who had won 13 stages in the 1930 and 1931 Tours, and Antonin Magne, the winner of 1931, were absent from the French team. Still, there were so many good French cyclists in that time that the French team was still considered superior.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 The Italian team included three Giro d'Italia winners: the winner from the 1930 Giro d'Italia, Luigi Marchisio; the winner from the 1931 Giro d'Italia, Francesco Camusso and the winner from the 1932 Giro d'Italia, Antonio Pesenti.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 The Belgium team had Jef Demuysere, who had fought for the victory in the previous Tour until the end and had come second, and two-time world champion Georges Ronsse. Race overview 1932 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 11 1932 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21 thumb|alt=A group of around ten cyclists, climbing over a fence. Behind the fence are cars.|Cyclists climbing the closed barrier of a railway crossing. In the first stage, the Belgians had a good start. Jean Aerts won the stage, with Jef Demuysere in second place. In the second stage, there were struggles in the Belgian team between the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking cyclists.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 Aerst, Dutch-speaking, did not get the support from his French-speaking teammates, and lost ten minutes in that stage, together with the Italian favourites.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 German Kurt Stöpel won the stage, and donned the yellow jersey, thanks to the bonification. Stöpel was the first German cyclist to lead the general classification in the Tour de France. In the third stage, the longest stage of this Tour with 387 km, Stöpel lost the lead to André Leducq. Leducq kept the lead for the rest of the race, winning six stages along the way. In the fifth stage, Spaniard Vicente Trueba escaped and reached the top of the Col d'Aubisque first. On the way down, Benoît Fauré overtook him, and reached the Tourmalet first. But he didn't win the stage, as Italian Antonio Pesenti caught him. Behind the leaders in the stage, Leducq was fighting for the leading position in the general classification. He was not a good climber, but was one of the best descenders.http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden%5Ctourverhalen%5C1932--Andr%C3%A9-Leducq-stelt-in-de-Alpen-zijn-tweede-Tourzege-veilig-514.html 1932: André Leducq stelt in de Alpen zijn tweede Tourzege veilig Tourdefrance.nl nl 19 March 2003 30 September 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20121017181715/http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden/tourverhalen/1932--Andr%C3%A9-Leducq-stelt-in-de-Alpen-zijn-tweede-Tourzege-veilig-514.html 17 October 2012 usurped On one stage, Leducq flatted, and received a wheel from his teammate Georges Speicher, who would win the next Tour.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 thumb|upright|André Leducq, winner of the 1934 Tour de France (pictured at the Tour) In the tenth stage, Leducq almost lost the lead. Camusso had escaped, and Stöpel had followed him. Leducq lost more than five minutes in the stage, and even more due to the bonification time. After that stage, Stöpel was within three minutes of Leducq, and Camusso within six minutes. In the eleventh stage, Leducq could have lost the race. Benoît Fauré, a French cyclist riding as a touriste-routier, escaped, and was followed by Francesco Camusso. At one point, they were so far ahead that Camusso was the virtual leader, but eventually they were caught back.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 Leducq also crossed the finishline first in the eighteenth stage, but the jury relegated him because he had been pushed by Albert Barthélemy.McGann McGann 2006 104–108 Leducq and Stöpel finished in the same group for most of the stages. Only in four stages was there a time difference:http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1932_18.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120831041429/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1932_18.php 31 August 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme 26ème Tour de France 1932 - 18ème étape fr Stage 3, when Leducq won 45 seconds Stage 5, when Leducq won 20 seconds Stage 10, when Stöpel won 2 minutes and 52 seconds Stage 13, when Leducq won 1 minute and 50 seconds Without the bonification system, the time difference between Leducq and Stöpel was three seconds. Leducq received 31 bonification minutes (six first places, two second places and three third place), while Stöpel received only 7 bonification minutes (one first place and three third places). Results The cyclist to reach the finish in the least time was the winner of the stage. The time that each cyclist required to finish the stage was recorded. For the general classification, these times were added together. If a cyclist had received a time bonus, it was subtracted from this total; all time penalties were added to this total. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey. The team classification was calculated by adding up the times in the general classification of the three highest ranking cyclists per team; the team with the least time was the winner. Stage winners + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1932.php https://web.archive.org/web/20120829141232/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1932.php 29 August 2012 28 October 2016 dead Mémoire du cyclisme 26ème Tour de France 1932 frAugendre 2016 30http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1932 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live 20 April 2009 The history of the Tour de France – Year 1932 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402234535/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance TypeThere was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate which stages included mountains, and which were run as time trials. Winner Race leader 16 July Paris to Caen 208 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean Aerts BEL Jean Aerts BEL 27 July Caen to Nantes 300 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Kurt Stöpel GER Weimar Kurt Stöpel GER Weimar 39 July Nantes to Bordeaux 387 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA 411 July Bordeaux to Pau 206 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Georges Ronsse BEL André Leducq FRA 512 July Pau to Luchon 229 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Antonio Pesenti ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 614 July Luchon to Perpignan 322 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Frans Bonduel BEL André Leducq FRA 716 July Perpignan to Montpellier 168 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Frans Bonduel BEL André Leducq FRA 817 July Montpellier to Marseille 206 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Michele Orecchia ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 918 July Marseille to Cannes 191 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rafaele di Paco ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 1019 July Cannes to Nice 132 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Francesco Camusso ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 1121 July Nice to Gap 233 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA 1222 July Gap to Grenoble 102 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Roger Lapébie FRA André Leducq FRA 1323 July Grenoble to Aix-les-Bains 230 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA 1424 July Aix-les-Bains to Evian 204 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Rafaele di Paco ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 1525 July Evian to Belfort 291 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA 1626 July Belfort to Strasbourg 145 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Gérard Loncke BEL André Leducq FRA 1727 July Strasbourg to Metz 165 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rafaele di Paco ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 1828 July Metz to Charleville 159 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rafaele di Paco ITA 1861 André Leducq FRA 1929 July Charleville to Malo-les-Bains 271 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Gaston Rebry BEL André Leducq FRA 2030 July Malo-les-Bains to Amiens 212 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA 2131 July Amiens to Paris 159 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage André Leducq FRA André Leducq FRA Total 4479 km 0 onAugendre 2016 108 General classification Kurt Stöpel was the first German to reach the podium of the Tour de France. He would be the only German on the podium until Jan Ullrich became 2nd in 1996. + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1932 – Stage 21 Amiens > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/2100/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402220102/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1932/2100/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time1 André Leducq FRA France 154h 11' 49"2 Kurt Stöpel GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 24' 03"3 Francesco Camusso ITA 1861 Italy + 26' 21"4 Antonio Pesenti ITA 1861 Italy + 37' 08"5 Georges Ronsse BEL Belgium + 41' 04"6 Frans Bonduel BEL Belgium + 45' 13"7 Oskar Thierbach GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 58' 44"8 Jef Demuysere BEL Belgium + 1h 03' 24"9 Luigi Barral ITA 1861 Touriste-routier + 1h 06' 57"10 Georges Speicher FRA France + 1h 08' 37" Final general classification (11–57) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Albert Büchi SUISwitzerland + 1h 13' 33" 12 Benoît Fauré FRATouriste-Routier + 1h 14' 12" 13 Jean Aerts BELBelgium + 1h 16' 24" 14 Michele Orecchia ITA 1861Italy + 1h 18' 45" 15 Georges Lemaire BELBelgium + 1h 19' 18" 16 Maurice Archambaud FRAFrance + 1h 25' 27" 17 Jan Wauters BELTouriste-Routier + 1h 29' 21" 18 René Bernard FRATouriste-Routier + 1h 35' 28" 19 Max Bulla AUTGermany/Austria + 1h 38' 23" 20 Gaston Rebry BELBelgium + 1h 39' 01" 21 Augusto Zanzi ITA 1861Touriste-Routier + 1h 45' 56" 22 Ludwig Geyer GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 1h 49' 48" 23 Roger Lapébie FRAFrance + 1h 55' 27" 24 Marcel Mazeyrat FRATouriste-Routier + 1h 56' 53" 25 Julien Moineau FRAFrance + 1h 58' 16" 26 Luigi Marchisio ITA 1861Italy + 1h 59' 47" 27 Vicente Trueba ESP 1931Touriste-Routier + 2h 00' 40" 28 Ernest Neuhard FRATouriste-Routier + 2h 22' 21" 29 Georges Antenen SUI Switzerland + 2h 24' 39" 30 Marcel Bidot FRAFrance + 2h 29' 02" 31 Marius Guiramand FRATouriste-Routier + 2h 29' 31" 32 Giuseppe Pancera ITA 1861Touriste-Routier + 2h 30' 12" 33 Raffaele Di Paco ITA 1861Italy + 2h 35' 51" 34 Gérard Loncke BELBelgium + 2h 41' 25" 35 Fernand Fayolle FRATouriste-Routier + 2h 44' 33" 36 Alfred Büchi SUI Switzerland + 2h 59' 37" 37 Lazare Venot FRATouriste-Routier + 3h 04' 31" 38 Amulio Viarengo ITA 1861Touriste-Routier + 3h 10' 27" 39 Herbert Sieronski GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 3h 15' 13" 40 Jules Buysse BELTouriste-Routier + 3h 32' 25" 41 Alfred Bula SUI Switzerland + 3h 34' 06" 42 Aleardo Simoni ITA 1861Touriste-Routier + 3h 38' 18" 43 Émile Decroix BELTouriste-Routier + 3h 43' 20" 44 François Moreels FRATouriste-Routier + 3h 55' 22" 45 Nicolas Frantz LUXTouriste-Routier + 4h 00' 17" 46 Jean Goulême FRATouriste-Routier + 4h 06' 02" 47 Louis Peglion FRAFrance + 4h 13' 53" 48 Karl Altenburger GER Weimar Touriste-Routier + 4h 20' 41" 49 Albert Barthélémy FRAFrance + 4h 21' 05" 50 Jean-Pierre Muller LUXTouriste-Routier + 4h 21' 15" 51 François Haas FRATouriste-Routier + 4h 32' 29" 52 Robert Brugère FRATouriste-Routier + 4h 38' 35" 53 Francis Bouillet FRATouriste-Routier + 4h 47' 05" 54 Fernand Cornez FRATouriste-Routier + 4h 47' 18" 55 August Erne SUI Switzerland + 4h 54' 45" 56 Georg Umbenhauer GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 5h 03' 01" 57 Rudolf Risch GER Weimar Germany/Austria + 5h 05' 14" Team classification + Final team classificationhttp://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1932/08/01/MD19320801-002.pdf Leducq, ganador definitivo, como se espereba, de la XXVI Vuelta a Francia es 1 August 1932 Mundo Deportivo 2 https://web.archive.org/web/20160403074008/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1932/08/01/MD19320801-002.pdf 3 April 2016 live Rank Team Time1 Italy 464h 57' 41"2 Belgium + 7' 27"3 France + 11' 50"4 Germany/Austria + 38' 56"5 Switzerland + 4h 14' 25" Other classifications The organising newspaper, l'Auto named a meilleur grimpeur (best climber), an unofficial precursor to the modern King of the Mountains competition. This award was won by Vicente Trueba.http://www.tour-giro-vuelta.net Tour-giro-vuelta 29 September 2009 Michiel van Lonkhuyzen Aftermath Winner André Leducq kept riding the Tour de France until 1938, but he never managed to win again,McGann McGann 2006 104–108 although he had three more stage victories.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/coureur/2359.html The tour - André Leducq Amaury Sport Organisation 30 September 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20100709033354/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/coureur/2359.html 9 July 2010 dead dmy-all Notes References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 PDF Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis, IN 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 74–75 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1932 Tour de France 1 11 12 21 Category:1932 in road cycling Category:1932 in French sport 1932 Tour de France