1923 Renda earthquake

1923 earthquake in Sichuan, China 1923 Renda earthquake 31.295 100.750 inline,title China Sichuan 1923-03-24 12:40:17 911322 iscgem911322 March 24, 1923 20:40:06 CST 15 km s yes 7.3 Xianshuihe fault system Strike-slip Sichuan, China XX Yes 4,800 dead The 1923 Renda earthquake occurred on March 24 at 20:40 local time between the counties of Daofu and Luhuo in Sichuan, China. The estimated s y 7.3 earthquake was assigned a maximum modified Mercalli intensity scale rating of X (Extreme). Severe damage occurred in Sichuan, killing an estimated 4,800 people. Tectonic setting Western Sichuan is situated at the edge of the Tibetan Plateau in a vast zone of complex continental deformation caused by the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate. As the thrusting of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate along the Himalayas continues, the continental crust within the Eurasian Plate is actively uplifted and thickened, forming the Tibetan Plateau. As there are no active thrust structures within the plateau, compression is accommodated by strike-slip motion along large structures including the Altyn Tagh Fault, Kunlun Fault, Haiyuan Fault and Xianshuihe fault system. Left-lateral strike-slip motion squeezes the crustal blocks of the Tibetan Plateau outwards, forcing it to move eastwards. Meanwhile, the strike-slip motion also results in east–west extension of the plateau, causing normal faults to break within the thickened crust.J. R. Elliott R. J. Walters P. C. England J. A. Jackson Z. Li B. Parsons Extension on the Tibetan plateau: recent normal faulting measured by InSAR and body wave seismology Geophysical Journal International 2010 183 2 503–535 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04754.x 2010GeoJI.183..503E 134590278 free Weijun Gan Peizhen Zhang Zheng-Kang Shen Zhijun Niu Min Wang Yongge Wan Demin Zhou Jia Cheng Present-day crustal motion within the Tibetan Plateau inferred from GPS measurements Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 2007 112 B8 10.1029/2005JB004120 American Geophysical Union 2007JGRB..112.8416G free Earthquake The Xianshuihe fault system is a 1,400-km-long active left-lateral strike-slip fault that accommodate the strike-slip motion in the Tibetan Plateau. The fault is one of the largest active intracontinental geological structure in the world. Beginning in 1893, at least 350 km of the fault length has ruptured in large successive earthquakes with magnitudes 6.5 or larger.Eleftheria Papadimitriou Xueze Wen Vassilios Karakostas Xueshen Jin Earthquake Triggering along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Western Sichuan, China Pure and Applied Geophysics 2004 161 8 1683–1707 10.1007/s00024-003-2471-4 2004PApGe.161.1683P 129325246 Going back to the year 1700 to present-day, the fault has ruptured its entire 1,400 km length during large earthquakes.Mingkun Bai Marie-Luce Chevalier Jiawei Pan Anne Replumaz Philippe Hervé Leloup Marianne Métois Haibing Li Southeastward increase of the late Quaternary slip-rate of the Xianshuihe fault, eastern Tibet. Geodynamic and seismic hazard implications Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2018 485 19–31 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.12.045 2018E&PSL.485...19B A 60-kilometer-long surface rupture formed after the earthquake between Daofu and Renda. The immediate region around the surface rupture was also the meizoseismal area where the maximum intensity was X. The northwest extent of the rupture overlaps the eventual southeastern rupture zone of the 1973 Luhuo earthquake. Meanwhile, the farthest southeast rupture overlaps the northwest rupture extent of the 1981 Dawu earthquake. A maximum coseismic slip of 3.3 meters was measured near the village of Dazhai, while the average slip across the rupture was 3.0 meters. Coulomb stress transfer may have increased strain on the segment north of the 1923 earthquake rupture, causing it to fail during the 1973 earthquake.Yang Jianbing Zhao Bin Du Ruilin Yu Jiansheng Wang Dongzhen 1923年仁达地震与1973年炉霍地震的破裂模型及触发关系研究 Geodesy and Geodynamics 2020 40 8 783–789 10.14075/j.jgg.2020.08.003 http://html.rhhz.net/DDCLYDQDLX/html/12179.htm Research on the Rupture Model and Trigger Relationship of Renda Earthquake in 1923 and Luhuo Earthquake in 1973 Chinese Damage In Luhuo county, the city's defensive walls toppled to the ground. Many homes, official buildings, and places of worship were totally destroyed. Avalanches and landslides occurred on the mountains. Fissures measuring up to 2 meters across appeared in the ground. The death toll is in excess of 3,000 people.Significant Earthquake Information https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/3218 ngdc.noaa.gov NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information 3 December 2021 Two villages in Dawu county were razed to the ground; none left standing. An estimated 500 people were killed in the county. Several residents died in Qianning while many homes and schools were lost. At Kangding, at least 1,300 people died during a severe rockfall. Many temples suffered partial collapses whils poorly constructed homes were destroyed. Damage to homes was also reported in Garzê Town, Xinlong and Litang. See also List of earthquakes in 1923 List of earthquakes in China List of earthquakes in Sichuan References External links 911322 Category:Earthquakes in Sichuan Category:1923 earthquakes Category:1923 in China Category:Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Category:March 1923 in Asia Category:1923 disasters in China Category:1923 disasters in Asia