16th United States Congress

1819–1821 U.S. Congress February 2026 February 2026 16th United States Congress 15th 17th USCapitol1827A.gif 220px United States Capitol (1827) United States Congress United States March 4, 1819 March 4, 1821 Senate 46 Democratic-Republican President Daniel D. Tompkins (DR) President pro tempore James Barbour (DR)John Gaillard (DR) House of Representatives 186 representatives3 non-voting delegates Democratic-Republican Speaker Henry Clay (DR)John W. Taylor (DR) 1st December 6, 1819 May 15, 1820 2nd November 13, 1820 March 3, 1821 The 16th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1819, to March 4, 1821, during the third and fourth years of James Monroe's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1810 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority. 2 Major events 1819 in the United States 1820 in the United States 1821 in the United States A "speech for Buncombe County, North Carolina" given by North Carolina representative Felix Walker in 1820 was credited with introducing into the language the term "bunkum".http://www.bartleby.com/61/46/D0064600.html debunk The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth edition 2000 Houghton Mifflin January 11, 2009 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20080406173424/http://www.bartleby.com/61/46/D0064600.html 2008-04-06 March 6, 1819: McCulloch v. Maryland: Supreme Court ruled that the Bank of the United States is constitutional. July 3, 1820: United States House of Representatives elections, 1820 began in Louisiana August 7, 1820: 1820 United States census conducted, eventually determining a population of 9,638,453, of which 1,538,022 were slaves. November 13–15, 1820: A special election for the House speakership takes 22 ballots. December 3, 1820: U.S. presidential election, 1820: James Monroe was re-elected, virtually unopposed. Major legislation List of United States federal legislation#16th United States Congress March 6, 1820: Missouri Compromise, Sess. 1, ch. 22, 3 545 April 24, 1820: Land Act of 1820, Sess. 1, ch. 51, 3 566 Proposed but not enacted Tallmadge Amendment would allow Missouri into the Union as a slave state, but would also implement gradual emancipation in Missouri. The amendment passed the House of Representatives, but not the Senate. The Tallmadge Amendment led to the passage of the Missouri Compromise. Treaties February 22, 1819: Adams-Onís Treaty (Transcontinental Treaty of 1819): Spain ceded Florida to the United States. States admitted December 14, 1819: Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state, 3 492. March 15, 1820: Maine was admitted as the 23rd state. It was formerly the District of Maine, part of Massachusetts, 3 544. Party summary The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section. Senate During this congress, two Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Alabama and Maine. 16 Democratic-Republican DR 28 29 38 40 Federalist F 12 9 8 4 2 4 0 2 House of Representatives During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Alabama and one seat was reapportioned from Massachusetts to the new state of Maine. For the beginning of the next congress, six more seats from Massachusetts would be reapportioned to Maine. 16 Democratic-Republican Federalist DR F 146 39 0 155 28 2 155 27 5 150 31 5 Leadership thumb|right|175px|President of the Senate Daniel D. Tompkins Senate President: Daniel D. Tompkins (DR) President pro tempore: James Barbour, (DR), until December 26, 1819 John Gaillard, (DR), elected January 25, 1820 House of Representatives Speaker: Henry Clay (DR), resigned October 28, 1820https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llac&fileName=037/llac037.db&recNum=213 Proceedings and Debates of the House of Representatives of the United States at the Second Session of the Sixteenth Congress Begun at the City of Washington, Monday, November 13, 1820 Annuals of Congress November 1820 434–435 John Taylor, (DR), elected November 15, 1820, on the 22nd ballothttps://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llac&fileName=037/llac037.db&recNum=215 Election of Speaker Annuals of Congress November 1820 437 Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district. Skip to House of Representatives, below Senate List of United States senators in the 16th Congress Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1820; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1822; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1824. Alabama Democratic-Republican Party2. William R. King (DR), from December 14, 1819 (newly admitted state) Democratic-Republican Party3. John W. Walker (DR), from December 14, 1819 (newly admitted state) Connecticut Federalist Party1. Samuel W. Dana (F) Democratic-Republican Party3. James Lanman (DR) Delaware Federalist Party1. Outerbridge Horsey (F) Federalist Party2. Nicholas Van Dyke (F) Georgia Democratic-Republican Party2. Freeman Walker (DR), from November 6, 1819 Democratic-Republican Party3. John Elliott (DR) Illinois Democratic-Republican Party2. Jesse B. Thomas (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. Ninian Edwards (DR) Indiana Democratic-Republican Party1. James Noble (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. Waller Taylor (DR) Kentucky Democratic-Republican Party2. Richard M. Johnson (DR), from December 10, 1819 Democratic-Republican Party3. William Logan (DR), until May 28, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyIsham Talbot (DR), from October 19, 1820 Louisiana Democratic-Republican Party2. Henry Johnson (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. James Brown (DR) Maine Democratic-Republican Party1. John Holmes (DR), from June 13, 1820 (newly admitted state) Democratic-Republican Party2. John Chandler (DR), from June 14, 1820 (newly admitted state) Maryland Federalist Party1. Alexander C. Hanson (F), until April 23, 1819 Democratic-Republican PartyWilliam Pinkney (DR), from December 21, 1819 Democratic-Republican Party3. Edward Lloyd (DR), from December 21, 1819 Massachusetts Federalist Party1. Prentiss Mellen (F), until May 15, 1820 Federalist PartyElijah H. Mills (F), from June 12, 1820 Federalist Party2. Harrison Gray Otis (F) Mississippi Democratic-Republican Party1. Walter Leake (DR), until May 15, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyDavid Holmes (DR), from August 30, 1820 Democratic-Republican Party2. Thomas H. Williams (DR) New Hampshire Democratic-Republican Party2. David L. Morril (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. John F. Parrott (DR) New Jersey Democratic-Republican Party1. James J. Wilson (DR), until January 8, 1821 Democratic-Republican PartySamuel L. Southard (DR), from January 26, 1821 Democratic-Republican Party2. Mahlon Dickerson (DR) New York Democratic-Republican Party1. Nathan Sanford (DR) Federalist Party3. Rufus King (F), from January 25, 1820 North Carolina Democratic-Republican Party2. Montfort Stokes (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. Nathaniel Macon (DR) Ohio Democratic-Republican Party1. Benjamin Ruggles (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. William A. Trimble (DR) Pennsylvania Democratic-Republican Party1. Jonathan Roberts (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. Walter Lowrie (DR) Rhode Island Federalist Party1. William Hunter (F) Federalist Party2. James Burrill Jr. (F), until December 25, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyNehemiah R. Knight (DR), from January 9, 1821 South Carolina Democratic-Republican Party2. William Smith (DR) Democratic-Republican Party3. John Gaillard (DR) Tennessee Democratic-Republican Party1. John H. Eaton (DR) Democratic-Republican Party2. John Williams (DR) Vermont Federalist Party1. Isaac Tichenor (F) Democratic-Republican Party3. William A. Palmer (DR) Virginia Democratic-Republican Party1. James Barbour (DR) Democratic-Republican Party2. John W. Eppes (DR), until December 4, 1819 Democratic-Republican PartyJames Pleasants (DR), from December 10, 1819 thumb|375px|Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 16th Congress in March 1819. The senators from Alabama and Maine were not seated until later in the Congress. #0044aa 2 Democratic-Republicans #660080 1 Democratic-Republican and 1 Federalist #aa0000 2 Federalists House of Representatives List of United States representatives in the 16th Congress Alabama Democratic-Republican PartyAlabama AL E. John Crowell (DR), from December 14, 1819 (newly admitted state) Connecticut All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. Henry W. Edwards (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. Samuel A. Foote (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. Jonathan O. Moseley (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. Elisha Phelps (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. John Russ (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. James Stevens (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticut AL E. Gideon Tomlinson (DR) Delaware Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyDelaware AL E. Willard Hall (DR), until January 22, 1821, vacant thereafter Federalist PartyDelaware AL E. Louis McLane (F) Georgia All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. Joel Abbot (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. Thomas W. Cobb (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. Joel Crawford (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. John A. Cuthbert (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. Robert R. Reid (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyGeorgia AL E. William Terrell (DR) Illinois Democratic-Republican PartyIllinois AL E. Daniel P. Cook (DR) Indiana Democratic-Republican PartyIndiana AL E. William Hendricks (DR) Kentucky Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 1 E. David Trimble (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 2 E. Henry Clay (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 3 E. William Brown (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 4 E. Thomas Metcalfe (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 5 E. Alney McLean (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 6 E. David Walker (DR), until March 1, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyFrancis Johnson (DR), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 7 E. George Robertson (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 8 E. Richard C. Anderson Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 9 E. Tunstal Quarles (DR), until June 15, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyThomas Montgomery (DR), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyKentucky 10 E. Benjamin Hardin (DR) Louisiana Democratic-Republican PartyLouisiana AL E. Thomas Butler (DR) Maine Federalist PartyMaine AL X. Joseph Dane (F), seated December 11, 1820 (newly admitted state)Joseph Dane (Maine) was elected November 7, 1820. Maryland The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives. Federalist PartyMaryland 1 E. Raphael Neale (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 2 E. Joseph Kent (DR) Federalist PartyMaryland 3 E. Henry R. Warfield (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 4 E. Samuel Ringgold (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 5 E. Peter Little (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 5 E. Samuel Smith (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 6 E. Stevenson Archer (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMaryland 7 E. Thomas Culbreth (DR) Federalist PartyMaryland 8 E. Thomas Bayly (F) Massachusetts Federalist PartyMassachusetts 1 E. Jonathan Mason (F), until May 15, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyBenjamin Gorham (DR), from November 27, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 2 E. Nathaniel Silsbee (DR) Federalist PartyMassachusetts 3 E. Jeremiah Nelson (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 4 E. Timothy Fuller (DR) Federalist PartyMassachusetts 5 E. Samuel Lathrop (F) Federalist PartyMassachusetts 6 E. Samuel C. Allen (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 7 E. Henry Shaw (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 8 E. Zabdiel Sampson (DR), until July 26, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyAaron Hobart (DR), from December 18, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 9 E. Walter Folger Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 10 E. Marcus Morton (DR) Federalist PartyMassachusetts 11 E. Benjamin Adams (F) Federalist PartyMassachusetts 12 E. Jonas Kendall (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 13 E. Edward Dowse (DR), until May 26, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyWilliam Eustis (DR), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 14 E. John Holmes (DR), until March 15, 1820, vacant thereafter Federalist PartyMassachusetts 15 E. Ezekiel Whitman (F) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 16 E. Mark L. Hill (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 17 E. Martin Kinsley (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 18 E. James Parker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 19 E. Joshua Cushman (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyMassachusetts 20 E. Enoch Lincoln (DR) Mississippi Democratic-Republican PartyMississippi AL E. Christopher Rankin (DR) New Hampshire All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. Joseph Buffum Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. Josiah Butler (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. Clifton Clagett (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. Arthur Livermore (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. William Plumer Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Hampshire AL E. Nathaniel Upham (DR) New Jersey All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. Ephraim Bateman (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. Joseph Bloomfield (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. John Condit (DR), until November 4, 1819 Democratic-Republican PartyCharles Kinsey (DR), from February 16, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. John Linn (DR), until January 5, 1821, vacant thereafter Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. Bernard Smith (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew Jersey AL E. Henry Southard (DR) New York There were six plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, 12th, 15th, 20th & 21st, each had two representatives. Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 1 E. James Guyon Jr. (DR), from January 14, 1820 Federalist PartyNew York 1 E. Silas Wood (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 2 E. Henry Meigs (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 2 E. Peter H. Wendover (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 3 E. Caleb Tompkins (DR) Federalist PartyNew York 4 E. Randall S. Street (F) Federalist PartyNew York 5 E. James Strong (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 6 E. Walter Case (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 7 E. Jacob H. De Witt (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 8 E. Robert Clark (DR) Federalist PartyNew York 9 E. Solomon Van Rensselaer (F) Federalist PartyNew York 10 E. John D. Dickinson (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 11 E. John W. Taylor (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 12 E. Ezra C. Gross (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 12 E. Nathaniel Pitcher (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 13 E. Harmanus Peek (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 14 E. John Fay (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 15 E. Joseph S. Lyman (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 15 E. Robert Monell (DR) Federalist PartyNew York 16 E. Henry R. Storrs (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 17 E. Aaron Hackley Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 18 E. William D. Ford (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 19 E. George Hall (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 20 E. Caleb Baker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 20 E. Jonathan Richmond (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 21 E. Nathaniel Allen (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNew York 21 E. Albert H. Tracy (DR) North Carolina Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 1 E. Lemuel Sawyer (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 2 E. Hutchins G. Burton (DR), from December 6, 1819 Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 3 E. Thomas H. Hall (DR) Federalist PartyNorth Carolina 4 E. Jesse Slocumb (F), until December 20, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyWilliam S. Blackledge (DR), from February 7, 1821 Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 5 E. Charles Hooks (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 6 E. Weldon N. Edwards (DR) Federalist PartyNorth Carolina 7 E. John Culpepper (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 8 E. James S. Smith (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 9 E. Thomas Settle (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 10 E. Charles Fisher (DR) Federalist PartyNorth Carolina 11 E. William Davidson (F) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 12 E. Felix Walker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyNorth Carolina 13 E. Lewis Williams (DR) Ohio Democratic-Republican PartyOhio 1 E. Thomas R. Ross (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyOhio 2 E. John W. Campbell (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyOhio 3 E. Henry Brush (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyOhio 4 E. Samuel Herrick (DR) Federalist PartyOhio 5 E. Philemon Beecher (F) Democratic-Republican PartyOhio 6 E. John Sloane (DR) Pennsylvania There were six plural districts, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th & 10th had two representatives each, the 1st had four representatives. Federalist PartyPennsylvania 1 E. Samuel Edwards (F) Federalist PartyPennsylvania 1 E. Thomas Forrest (F) Federalist PartyPennsylvania 1 E. Joseph Hemphill (F) Federalist PartyPennsylvania 1 E. John Sergeant (F) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 2 E. William Darlington (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 2 E. Samuel Gross (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 3 E. Jacob Hibshman (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 3 E. James M. Wallace (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 4 E. Jacob Hostetter (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 5 E. Andrew Boden (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 5 E. David Fullerton (DR), until May 15, 1820 Federalist PartyThomas G. McCullough (F), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 6 E. Samuel Moore (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 6 E. Thomas J. Rogers (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 7 E. Joseph Hiester (DR), until December 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyDaniel Udree (DR), from January 8, 1821 Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 8 E. Robert Philson (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 9 E. William P. Maclay (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 10 E. George Denison (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 10 E. John Murray (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 11 E. David Marchand (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 12 E. Thomas Patterson (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 13 E. Christian Tarr (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 14 E. Henry Baldwin (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyPennsylvania 15 E. Robert Moore (DR) Rhode Island Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyRhode Island AL E. Samuel Eddy (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyRhode Island AL E. Nathaniel Hazard (DR), until December 17, 1820; vacant thereafter South Carolina Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 1 E. Charles Pinckney (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 2 E. William Lowndes (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 3 E. James Ervin (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 4 E. James Overstreet (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 5 E. Starling Tucker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 6 E. Eldred Simkins (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 7 E. Elias Earle (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 8 E. John McCreary (DR) Democratic-Republican PartySouth Carolina 9 E. Joseph Brevard (DR) Tennessee Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 1 E. John Rhea (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 2 E. John Cocke (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 3 E. Francis Jones (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 4 E. Robert Allen (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 5 E. Newton Cannon (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyTennessee 6 E. Henry H. Bryan (DR) Vermont All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. Samuel C. Crafts (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. Ezra Meech (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. Orsamus C. Merrill (DR), until January 12, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyRollin C. Mallary (DR), from January 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. Charles Rich (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. Mark Richards (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVermont AL E. William Strong (DR) Virginia Federalist PartyVirginia 1 E. James Pindall (F), until July 26, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyEdward B. Jackson (DR), from November 13, 1820 Federalist PartyVirginia 2 E. Thomas Van Swearingen (F) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 3 E. Jared Williams (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 4 E. William McCoy (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 5 E. John Floyd (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 6 E. Alexander Smyth (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 7 E. Ballard Smith (DR) Federalist PartyVirginia 8 E. Charles F. Mercer (F) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 9 E. William Lee Ball (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 10 E. George F. Strother (DR), until February 10, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyThomas L. Moore (DR), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 11 E. Philip P. Barbour (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 12 E. Robert S. Garnett (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 13 E. Severn E. Parker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 14 E. William A. Burwell (DR), until February 16, 1821, vacant for remainder of term Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 15 E. George Tucker (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 16 E. John Randolph (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 17 E. James Pleasants (DR), until December 14, 1819 Democratic-Republican PartyWilliam S. Archer (DR), from January 18, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 18 E. Mark Alexander (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 19 E. James Jones (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 20 E. James Johnson (DR), until February 1, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyJohn C. Gray (DR), from November 13, 1820 Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 21 E. Thomas Newton Jr. (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 22 E. Hugh Nelson (DR) Democratic-Republican PartyVirginia 23 E. John Tyler (DR) Non-voting members Alabama Territory AL Alabama Territory: Vacant until statehood Arkansas Territory AL Arkansas Territory. James W. Bates, from December 21, 1819 Michigan Territory AL Michigan Territory. William Woodbridge, until August 9, 1820 Solomon Sibley, from November 20, 1820 Missouri Territory AL Missouri Territory. John Scott Changes in membership The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress. Senate There were 5 resignations, 2 deaths, 2 vacancies before the Congress, and 4 new seats. The Democratic-Republicans had a 7-seat net gain and the Federalists had a 1-seat net loss. List of special elections to the United States Senate Senate |- | Georgia(2) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | John Forsyth had resigned before the beginning of the Congress. | | Freeman Walker (DR) | Elected November 6, 1819 |- | Kentucky(2) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | John J. Crittenden had resigned before the beginning of the Congress. | | Richard Mentor Johnson (DR) | Elected December 10, 1819 |- | Maryland(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature did not elect until after the term began. | | Edward Lloyd (DR) | Elected December 14, 1819, and qualified December 21, 1819 |- | New York(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature failed to elect, held late election. | | Rufus King (F) | Elected January 8, 1820, and qualified January 25, 1820 |- | Maryland(1) | | Alexander C. Hanson (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 23, 1819 | | William Pinkney (DR) | Elected December 21, 1819 |- | Virginia(2) | | John W. Eppes (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 4, 1819 | | James Pleasants (DR) | Elected December 10, 1819 |- | Alabama(2) | rowspan=2 | New seats | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Alabama was admitted to the Union December 14, 1819. | | John W. Walker (DR) | Elected December 14, 1819 |- | Alabama(3) | | William R. King (DR) | Elected December 14, 1819 |- | Maine(2) | rowspan=2 | New seats | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" |Maine was admitted to the Union March 15, 1820. | | John Holmes (DR) | Elected June 13, 1820 |- | Maine(1) | | John Chandler (DR) | Elected June 14, 1820 |- | Massachusetts(1) | | Prentiss Mellen (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 15, 1820 | | Elijah H. Mills (F) | Elected June 12, 1820 |- | Mississippi(1) | | Walter Leake (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 15, 1820, after becoming US Marshal for Mississippi | | David Holmes (DR) | Appointed August 30, 1820 |- | Kentucky(3) | | William Logan (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 28, 1820, to run for Governor of Kentucky | | Isham Talbot (DR) | Elected October 19, 1820 |- | Rhode Island(2) | | James Burrill Jr. (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 25, 1820 | | Nehemiah R. Knight (DR) | Elected January 9, 1821 |- | New Jersey(1) | | James J. Wilson (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 8, 1821 | | Samuel L. Southard (DR) | Appointed January 26, 1821 |} House of Representatives List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives There were 13 resignations, 5 deaths, 2 contested elections, and 2 new seats. The Democratic-Republicans had a 1-seat net gain and the Federalists had no net change. List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives House |- | North Carolina 2 North Carolina2nd | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | | | Hutchins G. Burton (DR) | Seated December 6, 1819 |- | Alabama Territory AL Alabama Territory | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant until statehood | rowspan=2 | John Crowell (DR) | rowspan=2 | Seated December 14, 1819 |- | Alabama AL Alabamaat-large |- | Arkansas Territory AL Arkansas Territory | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Arkansas Territory organized July 4, 1819 | James W. Bates | Seated December 21, 1819 |- | New York 1 New York1st | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Contested election. Representative-elect Ebenezer Sage never qualified. | | James Guyon Jr. (DR) | Seated January 14, 1820 |- | New Jersey 1 New Jerseyat-large | | John Condit (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 4, 1819 | | Charles Kinsey (DR) | Seated February 16, 1820 |- | Virginia 17 Virginia 17th | | James Pleasants (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 14, 1819 | | William S. Archer (DR) | Seated January 18, 1820 |- | Vermont 1 Vermont 1st | | Orsamus C. Merrill (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Contested election, served until January 12, 1820 | | Rollin C. Mallary (DR) | Seated January 13, 1820 |- | Virginia 20 Virginia 20th | | James Johnson (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 1, 1820 | | John C. Gray (DR) | Seated November 13, 1820 |- | Virginia 10 Virginia 10th | | George F. Strother (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 10, 1820 | | Thomas L. Moore (DR) | Seated November 13, 1820 |- | Kentucky 6 Kentucky6th | | David Walker (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died March 1, 1820 | | Francis Johnson (DR) | Seated November 13, 1820 |- | Massachusetts 14 Massachusetts14th | | John Holmes (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 15, 1820, to become U.S. Senator from Maine. | District moved to Maine | District inactive until 1903 |- | Maine AL Maineat-large | New seat | style="font-size:80%" | Massachusetts's 14th district became Maine's at-large district | | Joseph Dane (F) | Seated November 6, 1820 |- | Massachusetts 1 Massachusetts1st | | Jonathan Mason (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 15, 1820 | | Benjamin Gorham (DR) | Seated November 27, 1820 |- | Pennsylvania 5 Pennsylvania5th | | David Fullerton (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 15, 1820 | | Thomas G. McCullough (F) | rowspan= 4 | Seated November 13, 1820 |- | Massachusetts 13 Massachusetts13th | | Edward Dowse (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 26, 1820 | | William Eustis (DR) |- | Kentucky 9 Kentucky9th | | Tunstall Quarles (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 15, 1820 | | Thomas Montgomery (DR) |- | Virginia 1 Virginia 1st | | James Pindall (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 26, 1820 | | Edward B. Jackson (DR) |- | Massachusetts 8 Massachusetts8th | | Zabdiel Sampson (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 26, 1820 | | Aaron Hobart (DR) | Seated December 18, 1820 |- | Michigan Territory AL Michigan Territory | William Woodbridge | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 9, 1820 | Solomon Sibley | Seated November 20, 1820 |- | Pennsylvania 7 Pennsylvania7th | | Joseph Hiester (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned sometime in December 1820 | | Daniel Udree (DR) | Seated January 8, 1821 |- | Rhode Island 2 Rhode Islandat-large | | Nathaniel Hazard (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 17, 1820 | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |- | North Carolina 4 North Carolina4th | | Jesse Slocumb (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 20, 1820 | | William S. Blackledge (DR) | Seated February 7, 1821 |- | New Jersey 2 New Jerseyat-large | | John Linn (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 5, 1821 | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |- | Delaware AL Delawareat-large | | Willard Hall (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 22, 1821 | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |- | Virginia 14 Virginia 14th | | William A. Burwell (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 16, 1821 | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |} Committees Lists of committees and their party leaders. Senate Amendments to the Constitution (Select) American Colonization Society (Select) Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Jonathan Roberts) Claims (Chairman: Jonathan Roberts then James J. Wilson) Commerce and Manufactures (Chairman: Nathan Sanford then Mahlon Dickerson) Constitution of the State of Alabama (Select) District of Columbia (Chairman: Outerbridge Horsey) Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Prentiss Mellen) Finance (Chairman: Nathan Sanford) Foreign Relations (Chairman: James Brown then James Barbour) Indian Affairs (Chairman: David Holmes) Judiciary (Chairman: William Smith) Land Commissioner Reports (Select) Military Affairs (Chairman: John Williams) Militia (Chairman: James Noble) Missouri's Admission to the Union (Select) Naval Affairs (Chairman: James Pleasants) Pensions (Chairman: Nicholas Van Dyke then James Noble) Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Montfort Stokes) Public Buildings (Select) Public Lands (Chairman: Thomas Hill Williams then Jesse B. Thomas) Purchase of Fire Engines (Select) Reduction of Congressional Salaries (Select) Roads and Canals (Select) (Chairman: Rufus King) Whole House of Representatives Accounts (Chairman: James S. Smith) Agriculture (Chairman: Thomas Forrest) Apportionment of Representatives (Select) Army Appropriations Inquiry (Select) Bank of the United States (Select) Brownstown Treaty (Select) Claims (Chairman: Lewis Williams) Commerce (Chairman: Thomas Newton Jr.) District of Columbia (Chairman: Joseph Kent) Elections (Chairman: John W. Taylor then David Trimble) Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Stevenson Archer) Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Arthur Livermore) Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: John Holmes) Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: David Trimble) Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Henry Brush) Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Henry Meigs) Judiciary (Chairman: John Sergeant) Manufactures (Chairman: Henry Baldwin) Pensions and Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: John Rhea) Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Arthur Livermore) Private Land Claims (Chairman: John W. Campbell) Public Expenditures (Chairman: Eldred Simkins) Public Lands (Chairman: Richard C. Anderson Jr.) Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Marcus Morton) Rules (Select) Standards of Official Conduct Ways and Means (Chairman: Samuel Smith) Whole Joint committees Enrolled Bills Investigate Safety of Roofs over Senate and House Wings of the Capitol The Library Officers Legislative branch agency directors Architect of the Capitol: Charles Bulfinch Librarian of Congress: George Watterston Senate Chaplain: John Clark (Presbyterian), until December 9, 1819 Reuben Post (Presbyterian), elected December 9, 1819 William Ryland (Methodist), elected November 17, 1820 Secretary: Charles Cutts Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly House of Representatives Chaplain: Burgiss Allison (Baptist), until November 16, 1820 John N. Campbell (Presbyterian), elected November 16, 1820 Clerk: Thomas Dougherty Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn See also 1818 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress) 1818–19 United States Senate elections 1818–19 United States House of Representatives elections 1820 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress) 1820 United States presidential election 1820–21 United States Senate elections 1820–21 United States House of Representatives elections Notes References The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress Martis Kenneth C. 1989 Macmillan Publishing Company New York The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts Martis Kenneth C. 1982 Macmillan Publishing Company New York External links Statutes at Large, 1789–1875 Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress U.S. House of Representatives: House History U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists