1963 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1963 Tour de France Route of the 1963 Tour de France.png Route of the 1963 Tour de France 360px 23 June – 14 July 1963 21, including two split stages 4138 km 113h 30' 05" Jacques Anquetil FRA yellow Saint-Raphaël 1963 Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 José Pérez Francés ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 Saint-Raphaël 1963 Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 Rik Van Looy BEL green Libertas 1963 Rik Van Looy BEL GBC 1963 1962 1964 The 1963 Tour de France was the 50th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 23 June and 14 July, with 21 stages covering a distance of 4138 km 0 on. Stages 2 and 6 were both two part stages, the first half being a regular stage and the second half being a team or individual time trial. The Tour organisers were trying to break the dominance of Jacques Anquetil, who had won already three Tours, by reducing the time trials length to only 79 km on, so that the climbing capabilities would be more important.50ème Tour de France 1963 50th Tour de France 1963 http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf/tdf1963.php Mémoire du cyclisme 6 April 2020 fr Nonetheless, the race was won by Anquetil, who was able to stay close to his main rival Federico Bahamontes in the mountains, one time even by faking a mechanical problem in order to get a bicycle that was more suited for the terrain. Bahamontes finished as the second-placed cyclist, but won the mountains classification. The points classification was won by Rik Van Looy. Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1963 Tour de France The 1963 Tour started with 130 cyclists, divided into 13 teams.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1963 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403104336/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/partants.html dead The IBAC–Molteni team was a combination of five cyclists from IBAC 1963 and five from Molteni 1963, each wearing their own sponsor's jerseys. The teams entering the race were: 20em Saint-Raphaël 1963 Mercier 1963 Flandria 1963 Groene Leeuw 1963 Margnat 1963 Carpano 1963 Pelforth 1963 Ferrys 1963 Libertas 1963 IBAC 1963–Molteni 1963 KAS 1963 Peugeot 1963 Solo 1963 Pre-race favourites thumb|Rik Van Looy and the pre-race favourite Jacques Anquetil before the fifth stage The main favourite before the race was Jacques Anquetil, at that moment already a three-time winner of the Tour, including the previous two editions. Anquetil had shown good form before the Tour, as he won Paris–Nice, the Dauphiné Libéré, the Critérium National and the 1963 Vuelta a España. Anquetil was not sure if he would ride the Tour until a few days before the start; he had been infected by a tapeworm, and was advised not to start.McGann McGann 2006 260–267 Anquetil had chosen to ride races with tough climbs, to prepare for the 1963 Tour de France.https://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1963.htm Anquetil's 4th victory makes TdF history Barry Boyce CyclingRevealed 2004 The major competitor was thought to be Raymond Poulidor, who had shown his capabilities in the 1962 Tour de France.McGann McGann 2006 260–267 Route and stages The 1963 Tour de France started on 23 June in Paris, and had one rest day, in Aurillac.Augendre 2016 54 The highest point of elevation in the race was 2770 m ft on at the summit of the Col de l'Iseran mountain pass on stage 16.Augendre 2016 178Gouden Tour door vier landen Golden Tour through four countries https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010876253:mpeg21:p013 de Volkskrant 21 June 1963 13 nl Delpher + Stage characteristics and winnersAugendre 2016 54http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1961 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC 5 March 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live The history of the Tour de France – Year 1963 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403002936/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner 123 June Paris to Épernay 152 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Eddy Pauwels BEL 2a24 June Reims to Jambes (Belgium) 186 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rik Van Looy BEL 2b Jambes (Belgium) 22 km on alt=|link=Team time trial|20px Team time trial FRA Pelforth 1963 325 June Jambes (Belgium) to Roubaix 223 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Seamus Elliott IRL 426 June Roubaix to Rouen 236 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Frans Melckenbeeck BEL 527 June Rouen to Rennes 285 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Antonio Bailetti ITA 6a28 June Rennes to Angers 118 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Roger de Breuker BEL 6b Angers 25 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Jacques Anquetil FRA 729 June Angers to Limoges 236 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jan Janssen NED 830 June Limoges to Bordeaux 232 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rik Van Looy BEL 91 July Bordeaux to Pau 202 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Pino Cerami BEL 102 July Pau to Bagnères-de-Bigorre 148 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jacques Anquetil FRA 113 July Bagnères-de-Bigorre to Luchon 131 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Guy Ignolin FRA 124 July Luchon to Toulouse 173 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) André Darrigade FRA 135 July Toulouse to Aurillac 234 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rik Van Looy BEL 6 July Aurillac Rest day 147 July Aurillac to Saint-Étienne 237 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Guy Ignolin FRA 158 July Saint-Étienne to Grenoble 174 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 169 July Grenoble to Val d'Isère 202 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 1710 July Val d'Isère to Chamonix 228 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jacques Anquetil FRA 1811 July Chamonix to Lons-le-Saunier 225 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Frans Brands BEL 1912 July Arbois to Besançon 54 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Jacques Anquetil FRA 2013 July Besançon to Troyes 234 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Roger de Breuker BEL 2114 July Troyes to Paris 185 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Rik Van Looy BEL Total 4138 km 0 onAugendre 2016 109 Race overview thumb|Riders during the fourth stage between Roubaix and Rouen In the first stage, four men escaped. One of them was Federico Bahamontes, the winner of the 1959 Tour de France. Bahamontes was known as a climber, so it was unexpected that he gained time on a flat stage.McGann McGann 2006 260–267 The third stage saw another successful breakaway. Seamus Elliott won the stage, and became the new leader in the race; it was the first time that an Irish cyclist led the Tour de France. The time trial in stage 6b was won by Anquetil, with Poulidor in second place. Gilbert Desmet became the new leader. The situation did not change much in the next stages until the stages in the Pyrenees, starting with the tenth stage. Bahamontes lead the first group, but Anquetil was able to stay in that first group, which was a surprise. Anquetil stayed in that first group until the finish, where he outsprinted the rest to win his first mountain stage.McGann McGann 2006 260–267 In the other two stages in the Pyrenees, Anquetil was able to stay in the first group, lost little time on his competitors, and kept getting closer to Desmet, who was still leading the general classification. The fifteenth stage was the first in the Alps. Bahamontes won this stage, and in the general classification jumped to second place, three seconds ahead of Anquetil. In the sixteenth stage, Fernando Manzaneque won, eight minutes ahead of Bahamontes and Anquetil who stayed together. Because Desmet was further behind, Bahamontes became the new leader of the race, with a margin of three seconds on Anquetil. The race was decided in the seventeenth stage. The rules in 1963 did not allow cyclists to change bicycles, unless there was a mechanical problem. Anquetil's team director, Raphaël Géminiani, thought that Anquetil could use a different bicycle on the ascent of the Col de la Forclaz, so he advised Anquetil to fake a mechanical problem on the start of that climb; Géminiani cut through a gear cable, and claimed that it snapped.https://www.cyclesportmag.com/features/grand-tour-doubles-jacques-anquetil/ Grand Tour Doubles – Jacques Anquetil IPC Media Cycle Sport Anquetil could thus use a light bicycle with lower gears, especially suited for a climb, which gave him an advantage on his competitors. Bahamontes reached the top of the Forclaz first, and only Anquetil had been able to follow him.http://www.velo101.com/magazine/article/tour-de-france-1963-jacques-anquetil-au-sommet-de-son-art--2039 Tour de France 1963: Jacques Anquetil au sommet de son art 3 November 2010 fr Vélo 101 Michel Crepel After the top, Anquetil got his regular bicycle back, and rode to the finish together with Bahamontes. Anquetil won the sprint, and the bonus time made him the new leader.McGann McGann 2006 260–267http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/histoire.html The Tour - Year 1963 Amaury Sport Organisation Amaury Sport Organisation letour.fr 10 May 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100717054801/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/histoire.html 17 July 2010 dead dmy-all As expected, Anquetil won some more time in the time trial in stage 19, and became the winner of the 1963 Tour. Classification leadership and minor prizes thumb|upright|The yellow jersey worn by Gilbert Desmet as leader of the general classification There were several classifications in the 1963 Tour de France, two of them awarding jerseys to their leaders.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–455 The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–453 Additionally, there was a points classification. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 453–454 There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, but was not identified with a jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The riders in the team that led this classification wore yellow caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 Carpano 1963 and the combined team IBAC-Molteni did not finish with three or more cyclists, so they were not included in the team classification. In addition, there was a combativity award, in which a jury composed of journalists gave points after each stage to the cyclist they considered most combative. The split stages each had a combined winner.van den Akker 2018 211–216 At the conclusion of the Tour, Rik Van Looy won the overall super-combativity award, also decided by journalists.Augendre 2016 54 +Classification leadership by stagehttp://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19630715&id=GVA-19630715-01011009 Rik Van Looy: twintig ritten in de groene leiderstrui Rik Van Looy: twenty rides in the green leader's jersey nl Gazet van Antwerpen 15 July 1963 11 https://web.archive.org/web/20190214170524/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19630715&id=GVA-19630715-01011009 14 February 2019 livevan den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1963 Information about the Tour de France from 1963 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1963 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302050207/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1963 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 live Stage Winner General classification25px|alt=|link= Points classification25px|alt=|link= Mountains classificationmountains-jersey No jersey was awarded to the leader of the mountains classification until a white jersey with red polka dots was introduced in 1975.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 Team classification Combativity award 1 Eddy Pauwels Eddy Pauwels Eddy Pauwels no award Libertas 1963 Federico Bahamontes 2a Rik Van Looy Rik Van Looy Pelforth 1963 Rik Van Looy 2b Pelforth 1963 3 Seamus Elliott Seamus Elliott Henry Anglade 4 Frans Melckenbeeck Roland Lacombe 5 Antonio Bailetti Antonio Bailetti 6a Roger de Breuker Raymond Poulidor 6b Jacques Anquetil Gilbert Desmet Saint-Raphaël 1963 7 Jan Janssen Rik Van Looy 8 Rik Van Looy Willy Bocklant 9 Pino Cerami André Darrigade 10 Jacques Anquetil Federico Bahamontes Federico Bahamontes 11 Guy Ignolin Guy Ignolin 12 André Darrigade Claude Mattio 13 Rik Van Looy Rik Van Looy 14 Guy Ignolin Henry Anglade 15 Federico Bahamontes Federico Bahamontes 16 Fernando Manzaneque Federico Bahamontes Fernando Manzaneque 17 Jacques Anquetil Jacques Anquetil Federico Bahamontes 18 Frans Brands Frans Brands 19 Jacques Anquetil Ferdinand Bracke 20 Roger de Breuker Joseph Groussard 21 Rik Van Looy François Mahé FinalJacques AnquetilRik Van Looy Federico Bahamontes Saint-Raphaël 1963 Rik Van Looy Final standings General classification + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1963 – Stage 21 Troyes > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/2100/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402221005/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1963/2100/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time 1 Jacques Anquetil FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 113h 30' 05" 2 Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 + 3' 35" 3 José Pérez Francés ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 10' 14" 4 Jean-Claude Lebaube FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 11' 55" 5 Armand Desmet BEL Flandria 1963 + 15' 00" 6 Angelino Soler ESP 1945 Flandria 1963 + 15' 04" 7 Renzo Fontona ITA IBAC 1963–Molteni 1963 + 15' 27" 8 Raymond Poulidor FRA Mercier 1963 + 16' 46" 9 Hans Junkermann FRG Groene Leeuw 1963 + 18' 53" 10 Rik Van Looy BEL Libertas 1963 + 19' 24" Final general classification (11–76) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Henry Anglade FRA Pelforth 1963 + 21' 39" 12 Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 22' 30" 13 Eddy Pauwels BEL Groene Leeuw 1963 + 25' 03" 14 Francisco Gabica ESP 1945KAS 1963 + 26' 44" 15 Dieter Puschel FRG Groene Leeuw 1963 + 28' 20" 16 Alan Ramsbottom GBR Pelforth 1963 + 30' 36" 17 Michel Pacheco ESP 1945 KAS 1963 + 31' 36" 18 Graziano Battistini ITA IBAC 1963–Molteni 1963 + 32' 06 19 François Mahé FRA Pelforth 1963 + 33' 50" 20 Jean Gainche FRA Mercier 1963 + 35' 38" 21 Ferdinand Bracke BEL Peugeot 1963 + 39' 52" 22 Victor Van Schil BEL Mercier 1963 + 41' 05" 23 Jos Hoevenaers BEL Peugeot 1963 + 42' 22" 24 Albertus Geldermans NED Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 43' 02" 25 Frans Brands BEL Flandria 1963 + 45' 00" 26 Henri Duez FRA Peugeot 1963 + 49' 21" 27 Rogelio Hernández ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 54' 22" 28 Jean Dotto FRA Margnat 1963 + 55' 07" 29 Antonio Gómez del Moral ESP 1945 Flandria 1963 + 55' 41" 30 Robert Cazala FRA Mercier 1963 + 56' 42" 31 Gérard Thiélin FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 57' 14" 32 Esteban Martín ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 1h 02' 50" 33 Henri Dewolf BEL Solo 1963 + 1h 03' 28" 34 Dick Enthoven NED Pelforth 1963 + 1h 05' 26" 35 Antonio Bertrán ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 1h 07' 26" 36 Sebastián Elorza ESP 1945 KAS 1963 + 1h 08' 35" 37 Guy Ignolin FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 1h 09' 15" 38 Luis Otaño ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 + 1h 09' 40" 39 Ludo Janssens BEL Libertas 1963 + 1h 10' 37" 40 Gabriel Mas ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 1h 12' 25" 41 Emilio Cruz ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 1h 16' 46" 42 Frans Aerenhouts BEL Libertas 1963 + 1h 20' 41" 43 Antonio Suárez ESP 1945 Flandria 1963 + 1h 22' 10" 44 Gilbert Desmet BEL Groene Leeuw 1963 + 1h 25' 01" 45 Van Tongerloo BEL Libertas 1963 + 1h 26' 54" 46 Juan Campillo ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 + 1h 27' 34" 47 Pierre Beuffeuil FRA Mercier 1963 + 1h 27' 53" 48 Guy Epaud FRA Pelforth 1963 + 1h 29' 26" 49 Benoni Beheyt BEL Groene Leeuw 1963 + 1h 31' 28" 50 Valentín Uriona ESP 1945 KAS 1963 + 1h 32' 05" 51 Georges Groussard FRA Pelforth 1963 + 1h 32' 08" 52 Claude Mattio FRA Margnat 1963 + 1h 32' 20" 53 Loris Guernieri ITA Carpano 1963 + 1h 33' 34" 54 Antonio Karmany ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 1h 35' 50" 55 Antonio Bailetti ITA Carpano 1963 + 1h 36' 09" 56 Martin Van Geneugden BEL Libertas 1963 + 1h 42' 39" 57 André Foucher FRA Pelforth 1963 + 1h 46' 41" 58 Marcel Ongenae BEL Flandria 1963 + 1h 46' 41" 59 Anatole Novak FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 1h 48' 24" 60 Alfons Hellemans BEL Mercier 1963 + 1h 53' 09" 61 Seamus Elliott IRL Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 1h 54' 20" 62 Joseph Thomin FRA Margnat 1963 + 1h 56' 31" 63 Pierre Everaert FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 + 1h 58' 37" 64 Joseph Groussard FRA Pelforth 1963 + 2h 02' 08" 65 Louis Proost BEL Solo 1963 + 2h 02' 38" 66 Raymond Impanis BEL Peugeot 1963 + 2h 04' 50" 67 Emile Daems BEL Peugeot 1963 + 2h 06' 46" 68 Jean Milesi FRA Mercier 1963 + 2h 10' 26" 69 Robert Lelangue BEL Solo 1963 + 2h 14' 47" 70 Jean Simon BEL Peugeot 1963 + 2h 17' 58" 71 Raúl Rey ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 2h 21' 17" 72 Jean Graczyk FRA Margnat 1963 + 2h 22' 31" 73 Roger De Breucker BEL Solo 1963 + 2h 22' 42" 74 August Verhaegen BEL Mercier 1963 + 2h 26' 00" 75 Julio San Emeterio ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 + 2h 28' 19" 76 Willy Derboven BEL Libertas 1963 + 2h 45' 10" Points classification + Final points classification (1–10)http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19630715&id=GVA-19630715-01012011 Final classifications nl Gazet van Antwerpen 15 July 1963 12 https://web.archive.org/web/20190214172056/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19630715&id=GVA-19630715-01012011 14 February 2019 liveClasificaciones https://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1963/07/15/MD19630715-008.pdf Mundo Deportivo 15 July 1963 8 es Rank Rider Team Points 1 Rik Van Looy BEL Libertas 1963 275 2 Jacques Anquetil FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 138 3 Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 112 4 Benoni Beheyt BEL Groene Leeuw 1963 111 5 José Pérez Francés ESP 1945 Ferrys 1963 81 6 Jean Gainche FRA Mercier 1963 78 7 Raymond Poulidor FRA Mercier 1963 77 8 Guy Ignolin FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 65 9 Jean Graczyk FRA Margnat 1963 6410 Willy Derboven BEL Libertas 1963 54 Frans Brands BEL Flandria 1963 Mountains classification + Final mountains classification (1–10)http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1963/07/15/MD19630715-008.pdf Clasificacions es Classifications Mundo Deportivo 8 15 July 1963 https://web.archive.org/web/20190214173759/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1963/07/15/MD19630715-008.pdf 14 February 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points 1 Federico Bahamontes ESP 1945 Margnat 1963 147 2 Raymond Poulidor FRA Mercier 1963 70 3 Guy Ignolin FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 68 4 Claude Mattio FRA Margnat 1963 51 5 Jacques Anquetil FRA Saint-Raphaël 1963 47 6 Eddy Pauwels BEL Groene Leeuw 1963 46 7 Guy Epaud FRA Pelforth 1963 38 8 Renzo Fontona ITA IBAC 1963–Molteni 1963 33 9 Armand Desmet BEL Flandria 1963 29 10 Angelino Soler ESP 1945 Flandria 1963 27 Team classification + Final team classification Rank Team Time1 Saint-Raphaël 1963 340h 35' 25"2 Pelforth 1963 + 36' 49"3 Flandria 1963 + 43' 13"4 Groene Leeuw 1963 + 59' 03"4 Ferrys 1963 + 59' 03"6 Margnat 1963 + 1h 04' 21"7 Mercier 1963 + 1h 24' 34"8 Peugeot 1963 + 1h 42' 13"9 KAS 1963 + 1h 56' 08"10 Libertas 1963 + 2h 05' 26"11 Solo 1963 + 4h 18' 36" Aftermath Anquetil, who had been criticized that he just a time trial specialist, showed that he was also capable of mountain stages, and everybody agreed that Anquetil was the best cyclist overall. Anquetil was the first cyclist to win a fourth Tour de France. In the next year, he set the record sharper by winning his fifth Tour. The French public had expected much from Raymond Poulidor, but Poulidor only made the eighth place. Normally, Poulidor was more popular than Anquetil even when Anquetil won, but this time Poulidor received "contemptuous whistles" at the finish in the Parc des Princes,McGann McGann 2006 260–267 while Anquetil received a standing ovation. After Anquetil and Géminiani had shown that the rule that bicycle changes were not allowed was easily circumvented by faking a mechanical problem, this rule was removed for the next year. Notes References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 PDF Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 van den Akker Pieter Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018 https://books.google.com/books?id=09sxwQEACAAJ 2018 Self-published 978-1-79398-080-9 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 130–131 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1963 Tour de France 1 10 11 21 1963 1963 in French sport Category:1963 in road cycling Category:June 1963 sports events in Europe Category:July 1963 sports events in Europe Category:1963 Super Prestige Pernod